{"id":8166,"date":"2018-08-20T10:00:49","date_gmt":"2018-08-20T01:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/?p=8166"},"modified":"2018-08-31T09:54:55","modified_gmt":"2018-08-31T00:54:55","slug":"%e3%83%99%e3%83%bc%e3%83%aa%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0%e5%b3%b6%e3%81%ae%e5%9b%ba%e6%9c%89%e7%a8%ae%e3%81%a0%e3%81%a8%e6%80%9d%e3%82%8f%e3%82%8c%e3%81%a6%e3%81%84%e3%81%9f%e7%b5%b6%e6%bb%85%e9%b3%a5%e9%a1%9e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/?p=8166","title":{"rendered":"\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u7a2e\u3060\u3068\u601d\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u7d76\u6ec5\u9ce5\u985e\u300c\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u300d\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u767a\u898b &#8211; \u7d76\u6ec5\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u751f\u304d\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u7fa4\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u4eba\u985e\u304c\u7d76\u6ec5\u3055\u305b\u305f\u9ce5\u3001\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6<\/h3>\n<p>\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306f\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3059\u308b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u751f\u7269\u306b\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6700\u3082\u9855\u8457\u306a\u4f8b\u306f\u3001\u30c9\u30fc\u30c9\u30fc\u3084\u30aa\u30aa\u30a6\u30df\u30ac\u30e9\u30b9\u3001\u30b9\u30c6\u30e9\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30ae\u30e5\u30a6\u306a\u3069\u306b\u4ee3\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u72e9\u731f\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u306b\u3088\u308a\u7d76\u6ec5\u306b\u8ffd\u3044\u3084\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u7269\u7a2e\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d76\u6ec5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u60b2\u5287\u7684\u306a\u30a8\u30d4\u30bd\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7d76\u6ec5\u3057\u305f\u7a2e\u304c\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u524d\u306e\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u300d\u5206\u5e03\u57df\u306a\u3069\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7a2e\u306e\u9032\u5316\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u3084\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u751f\u614b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e0d\u660e\u306a\u70b9\u304c\u591a\u304f\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b74\u53f2\u4e0a\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306b\u3088\u308a\u7d76\u6ec5\u306b\u8ffd\u3044\u3084\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7a2e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u306e\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\uff08\u5b66\u540d <i>Phalacrocorax perspicillatus<\/i>\uff1b\u30ab\u30ef\u30a6\u3084\u30a6\u30df\u30a6\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30a6\u306e\u4ef2\u9593\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u6d77\u9ce5\u304c\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7a2e\u306f\u897f\u66a61741\u5e74\u306b\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u4eba\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u30fb\u5192\u967a\u5bb6\u306e\u30b2\u30aa\u30eb\u30b0\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u30fb\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u30eb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u8af8\u5cf6\u306e\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u3067\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3066\u767a\u898b\u30fb\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8167\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8167\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8167\" src=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/001-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/001-4.jpg 400w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/001-4-232x300.jpg 232w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/001-4-116x150.jpg 116w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8167\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u306e\u751f\u614b\u5fa9\u5143\uff08Joseph Wolf\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5265\u88fd\u304b\u3089\u306e\u60f3\u50cf\u56f3\uff09\u3002Elliot (1869) The New and Heretofore Unfigured Species of the Birds of North America, Volume 2\u3088\u308a\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!--Ads1--><\/p>\n<p>\u767a\u898b\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u306f\u7121\u4eba\u5cf6\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c1820\u5e74\u4ee3\u304b\u3089\u4eba\u304c\u5b9a\u4f4f\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u3001\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u3082\u72e9\u731f\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u6570\u3092\u6e1b\u3089\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3063\u305f\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u30021880\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u7c73\u56fd\u306e\u9ce5\u985e\u5b66\u8005\u30ec\u30aa\u30ca\u30eb\u30c9\u30fb\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30cd\u30ac\u30fc\u304c\u540c\u5cf6\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u969b\u3001\u73fe\u5730\u306e\u4f4f\u6c11\u304c\u3053\u306e\u7a2e\u309230\u5e74\u9593\u4ee5\u4e0a\u76ee\u6483\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8a3c\u8a00\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7a2e\u306f1850\u5e74\u3054\u308d\u306b\u72e9\u731f\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u306b\u3088\u308a\u7d76\u6ec5\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u304c\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a3c\u62e0\u306f\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u7d50\u5c40\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7a2e\u306f\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u306b\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u7a2e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--Ads1--><\/p>\n<h3>\u5316\u77f3\u306e\u767a\u898b<\/h3>\n<p>\u4eca\u56de\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u9752\u68ee\u770c\u306e\u5c3b\u5c4b\u5730\u57df\u304b\u3089\u7523\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u4e16\uff08\u7d0412\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\uff09\u306e\u9ce5\u985e\u5316\u77f3\u7fa4\u306e\u306a\u304b\u306b\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5c3b\u5c4b\u5730\u57df\u306b\u306f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u77f3\u7070\u5ca9\u4f53\u304c\u5206\u5e03\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u30011950\u5e74\u4ee3\u3054\u308d\u304b\u3089\u63a1\u6398\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u63a1\u6398\u306e\u306a\u304b\u3067\u3001\u77f3\u7070\u5ca9\u4f53\u4e2d\u306e\u6d1e\u7a9f\u3084\u88c2\u7f45\uff08\u308c\u3063\u304b\uff1a\u5272\u308c\u76ee\u306e\u3053\u3068\uff09\u304c\u9732\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u304b\u3089\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u304c\u591a\u304f\u7523\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306e\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u9577\u8c37\u5ddd\u5584\u548c\u535a\u58eb\uff08\u5f53\u6642\u56fd\u7acb\u79d1\u5b66\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff09\u306f\u3053\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u7523\u5730\u306b\u65e9\u304f\u304b\u3089\u76ee\u3092\u7740\u3051\u3066\u304a\u308a\u30011960\u5e74\u304a\u3088\u30731987\u5e74\u306b\u5316\u77f3\u306e\u767a\u6398\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u4e3b\u5c0e\u3057\u30011988\u5e74\u306b\u4e88\u5099\u7684\u306a\u5831\u544a\u3092\u51fa\u7248\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u9ce5\u985e\u5316\u77f3\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u691c\u8a0e\u304c\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u306a\u307e\u307e\u653e\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5316\u77f3\u9aa8\u304c\u3069\u306e\u7a2e\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u751f\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7a2e\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6a19\u672c\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3092\u884c\u3046\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u306f\u9ce5\u985e\u306e\u9aa8\u6a19\u672c\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u30fb\u53ce\u8535\u3059\u308b\u4f1d\u7d71\u304c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5341\u5206\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u691c\u8a0e\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6750\u6599\u304c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6a19\u672c\u306e\u691c\u8a0e\u306f\u9577\u8c37\u5ddd\u535a\u58eb\u306e\u6559\u3048\u5b50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u677e\u5ca1\u5ee3\u7e41\u535a\u58eb\uff08\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\uff09\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3055\u3089\u306b\u305d\u306e\u6559\u3048\u5b50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u79c1\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6587\u732e\u30fb\u535a\u7269\u9928\u6a19\u672c\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/h3>\n<p>\u691c\u8a0e\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u9ce5\u985e\u5316\u77f3\u7fa4\u306e\u3046\u3061\u6570\u70b9\u306f\u30011988\u5e74\u306e\u5831\u544a\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u8fd1\u6d77\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u751f\u7a2e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30a6\u30df\u30a6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u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id=\"attachment_8168\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8168\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8168\" src=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/002-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/002-4.jpg 600w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/002-4-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/002-4-214x150.jpg 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8168\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5c3b\u5c4b\u7523\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u3068\u73fe\u751f\u306e\u30a6\u30df\u30a6\u306e\u9aa8\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u5de6\u304b\u3089\u4e0a\u8155\u9aa8\u3001\u5c3a\u9aa8\u3001\u6a48\u9aa8\u3001\u5927\u817f\u9aa8\u3067\u3001\u5404\u7d44\u306e\u5de6\u304c\u5c3b\u5c4b\u7523\u5316\u77f3\u3001\u53f3\u304c\u30a6\u30df\u30a6\u3002\u6a48\u9aa8\u306e\u9060\u4f4d\u7aef\uff08\u5199\u771f\u4e0b\u5074\uff09\u306f\u5316\u77f3\u3068\u30a6\u30df\u30a6\u3068\u3067\u5de6\u53f3\u304c\u9006\u306e\u9aa8\u3002\u5316\u77f3\u306f\u65ad\u7247\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3082\u591a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u751f\u306e\u30a6\u30df\u30a6\u3088\u308a\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5927\u578b\u3067\u9aa8\u592a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u305d\u3053\u3067\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30cd\u30ac\u30fc\u3089\u306e\u6a19\u672c\u304c\u6240\u8535\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7c73\u56fd\u30b9\u30df\u30bd\u30cb\u30a2\u30f3\u5354\u4f1a\u306e\u56fd\u7acb\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff08\u30ef\u30b7\u30f3\u30c8\u30f3DC\uff09\u3092\u8a2a\u554f\u3057\u3001\u5c3b\u5c4b\u7523\u5316\u77f3\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u7523\u306e\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u306e\u9aa8\u6a19\u672c\u3068\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u307b\u304b\u306b\u3082\u8907\u6570\u306e\u6d77\u5916\u306e\u535a\u7269\u9928\u306e\u6240\u8535\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u3051\u591a\u304f\u306e\u7a2e\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5c3b\u5c4b\u7523\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u306f\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u7523\u306e\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u306e\u6a19\u672c\u3068\u8a08\u6e2c\u5024\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u9aa8\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307b\u307c\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6a19\u672c\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u4ed6\u306e\u7a2e\u306b\u306f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u3044\u304f\u3064\u3082\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c3b\u5c4b\u7523\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u306f\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u7523\u306e\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5f37\u304f\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8169\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8169\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8169\" src=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/003-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/003-4.jpg 600w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/003-4-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/003-4-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8169\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u7c73\u56fd\u3001\u30b9\u30df\u30bd\u30cb\u30a2\u30f3\u5354\u4f1a\u306e\u56fd\u7acb\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9928\u306e\u53ce\u8535\u5eab\u306e\u69d8\u5b50\u3002\u9ce5\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u306b\u306f\u6570\u4e07\u70b9\u306e\u9ce5\u985e\u306e\u9aa8\u6a19\u672c\u304c\u53ce\u8535\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u7a2e\u3060\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u304c\u7d0412\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u306b\u306f\u7d042400 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\u3044\u305f\u7d76\u6ec5\u7a2e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u304c\u304b\u3064\u3066\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306b\u8a18\u9332\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u3059\u3067\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u5927\u534a\u3092\u5931\u3063\u305f\u907a\u5b58\u7684\u306a\u500b\u4f53\u7fa4\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306b\u3088\u308a\u7d76\u6ec5\u306b\u8ffd\u3044\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u52d5\u7269\u7a2e\u3082\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3082\u3063\u3068\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8170\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8170\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8170\" src=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/004-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/004-4.jpg 600w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/004-4-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/004-4-215x150.jpg 215w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8170\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u3068\u5c3b\u5c4b\uff08\u5316\u77f3\u7523\u5730\uff09\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3001\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6\u304c\u7d0412\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u306b\u30d9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u5cf6\u5468\u8fba\u306b\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306f\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306b\u305b\u3088\u5f53\u6642\u304b\u3089\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u3042\u3044\u3060\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5909\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fuller, E., 2001. Extinct Birds, revised edition. Cornell University Press, New York.<\/li>\n<li>Hume, J. P., 2017. Extinct Birds, 2nd edition. Bloomsbury Natural History, London.<\/li>\n<li>Watanabe, J., Matsuoka, H., Hasegawa, Y., 2018. Pleistocene fossils from Japan show the recently extinct spectacled cormorant (<i>Phalacrocorax perspicillatus<\/i>) was a relict. The Auk: Ornithological Advances, 135: 895\u2013907. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1642\/AUK-18-54.1\">doi: 10.1642\/AUK-18-54.1.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4eba\u985e\u304c\u7d76\u6ec5\u3055\u305b\u305f\u9ce5\u3001\u30e1\u30ac\u30cd\u30a6 \u4eba\u985e\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306f\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3059\u308b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u751f\u7269\u306b\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6700\u3082\u9855\u8457\u306a\u4f8b\u306f\u3001\u30c9\u30fc\u30c9\u30fc\u3084\u30aa\u30aa\u30a6\u30df\u30ac\u30e9\u30b9\u3001\u30b9\u30c6\u30e9\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30ae\u30e5\u30a6\u306a\u3069\u306b\u4ee3\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":320,"featured_media":8168,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[48,114,49,53,15,96],"class_list":["post-8166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-outcome","tag-48","tag-114","tag-49","tag-53","tag-biology","tag-96","has_thumb"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8166"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8166\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8364,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8166\/revisions\/8364"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}