{"id":6758,"date":"2018-01-05T10:00:46","date_gmt":"2018-01-05T01:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.academist-cf.com\/journal\/?p=6758"},"modified":"2019-03-01T09:55:58","modified_gmt":"2019-03-01T00:55:58","slug":"%e3%81%aa%e3%81%9c%e3%80%8c%e3%83%95%e3%82%a1%e3%83%a9%e3%83%86%e3%82%99%e3%83%bc%e3%81%ae%e9%9b%bb%e7%a3%81%e8%aa%98%e5%b0%8e%e3%81%ae%e6%b3%95%e5%89%87%e3%80%8d%e3%81%af2%e3%81%a8%e3%81%8a%e3%82%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/?p=6758","title":{"rendered":"\u306a\u305c\u300c\u30d5\u30a1\u30e9\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u306e\u96fb\u78c1\u8a98\u5c0e\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u300d\u306f2\u3068\u304a\u308a\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u78c1\u5834\u3092\u6642\u9593\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u308b\u300c\u30d5\u30a1\u30e9\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u306e\u96fb\u78c1\u8a98\u5c0e\u306e\u6cd5\u5247 \uff08Flux Rule\uff09\u300d\u3092\u899a\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6697\u8a18\u3057\u305f\u8a18\u61b6\u306e\u3042\u308b\u304b\u305f\u3082\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u308b\u3068\u306f\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u306f\u3053\u306eFlux Rule\u306f\u3001\u53e4\u5178\u96fb\u78c1\u6c17\u5b66\u3066\u3099\u306f2\u3064\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7269\u7406\u6cd5\u5247\u304b\u3089\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6766\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-1024x691.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-1024x691.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-768x518.jpg 768w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure.jpg 1044w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u6821\u7269\u7406\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u901f\u5ea6<em>v<\/em>\u3066\u3099\u52d5\u304f\u5c0e\u7dda\u3068\u30b3\u306e\u5b57\u578b\u306e\u56de\u8def\u306b\u78c1\u5834<em>B<\/em>\u304b\u3099\u5370\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\u8a98\u5c0e\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u304b\u3099\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u8a98\u5c0e\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u306f\u3001FluxRule\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u529b\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e2\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u306f\u8377\u96fb\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304b\u3099\u5fc5\u9808\u3066\u3099\u3059\u304b\u3099\u524d\u8005\u3066\u3099\u306f\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u304f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u6a5f\u69cb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u751f\u6210\u306f\u5168\u304f\u5225\u7269\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3082\u95a2\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u3068\u3082\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u751f\u6210\u306f\u540c\u3058Flux Rule\u3066\u3099\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5168\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6a5f\u69cb\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u751f\u6210\u304b\u3099\u3001Flux Rule\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4e0d\u601d\u8b70\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center\">\n<!--Ads1-->\n<\/div>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30f3\u30de\u30f3\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>We know of no other place in physics where such a simple and accurate general principle requires for its real understanding an analysis in terms of two different phenomena. Usually such a beautiful generalization is found to stem from a single deep underlying principle. Nevertheless, in this case there does not appear to be any such profound implication. We have to understand the &#8220;rule&#8221; as the combined effects of two quite separate phenomena\u201d( &#8220;The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. II\u201d, 17-1, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, Massachusetts, 1964)\u3002\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u8a33\uff1a\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a \u4e00\u81f4\u304b\u3099\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5927\u62b5\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u306a\u4e21\u8005\u3092\u675f\u306d\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3042\u308b\u3082\u306e\u305f\u3099\u304b\u3099\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304b\u3099\u898b\u5f53\u305f\u3089\u306a\u3044\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u8ff0\u3078\u3099\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30f3\u30b7\u30e5\u30bf\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u76f8\u5bfe\u8ad6\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u6700\u521d\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u3082\u3001\u78c1\u77f3\u3068\u5c0e\u4f53\u304b\u3099\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3068\u3099\u3061\u3089\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u540c\u3057\u3099\u96fb\u6d41\u304b\u3099\u5c0e\u4f53\u306b\u751f\u3057\u3099\u308b\u306e\u306b\u3001\u3068\u3099\u3061\u3089\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3059\u304b\u3066\u3099\u7269\u7406\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304b\u3099\u9055\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u9759\u6b62\u3057\u305f\u5c0e\u4f53\u306e\u8fd1\u304f\u3066\u3099\u78c1\u77f3\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5c0e\u4f53\u306b\u96fb\u5834\u306b\u751f\u3057\u3099\u3001\u305d\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u529b\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u96fb\u5b50\u304b\u3099\u52d5\u304d\u3001\u96fb\u6d41\u304b\u3099\u751f\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3057\u3099\u305f\u96fb\u6d41\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304b\u3099\u3001\u9759\u6b62\u3057\u305f\u78c1\u77f3\u306e\u8fd1\u304f\u3066\u3099\u5c0e\u4f53\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u305f\u6642\u306b\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u751f\u3057\u3099\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\u3099\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u306b\u50cd\u304f\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u304b\u3099\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u529b\u306b\u3088\u308a\u751f\u3057\u3099\u3001\u96fb\u6d41\u304b\u3099\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3068\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u5834\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u96fb\u78c1\u5834\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3066\u3099\u3001\u3053\u308c\u30892\u3064\u306e\u6a5f\u69cb\u304c\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306eU(1)\u4f4d\u76f8\u304b\u3099\u6301\u3064duality\u3066\u3099\u3064\u306a\u304b\u3099\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30f3\u30de\u30f3\u304b\u3099\u898b\u5f53\u305f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3001\u201ca single deep underlying principle\u201d\u304b\u3099\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3066\u3099\u306f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u3068\u7269\u7406\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306e2\u3064\u3066\u3099\u7269\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u96fb\u78c1\u5834\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u5834\u3084\u78c1\u5834\u3088\u308a\u3082\u300c\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u300d\u304c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u96fb\u5834\u3084\u78c1\u5834\u306f\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b2\u6b21\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u78c1\u5834\u306f\u3001FluxRule\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3066\u3099\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u529b\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u8a98\u5c0e\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u3092\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u3066\u3099\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u308c\u306f\u3099\u3001\u5947\u5999\u306a\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u7406\u7531\u304c\u793a\u305b\u308b\u306f\u3059\u3099\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304d\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3099\u3001\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u3068\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u5909\u63db\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u3068\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3057\u3099\u96fb\u5834\u3001\u78c1\u5834\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u306f\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3066\u3099\u306f\u306a\u304f\u591a\u6570\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u304b\u3099\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u306a\u308b\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u3092\u9078\u3079\u3070\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3092\u640d\u306d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u904b\u52d5\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u306f\u3001\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u305f\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u5909\u63db\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8377\u96fb\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u3082\u5909\u63db\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306f\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u5909\u63db\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3099\u3066\u3001\u96fb\u5834\u3001\u78c1\u5834\u3001\u8377\u96fb\u7c92\u5b50\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304b\u3099\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3066\u3099\u306f\u96fb\u5834\u3001\u78c1\u5834\u306f\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u78ba\u5b9a\u5024\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u53ef\u80fd\u3066\u3099\u3059\u304c\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3066\u3099\u306f\u96fb\u5834\u3001\u78c1\u5834\u306f\u305d\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u5024\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u78ba\u5b9a\u5024\u3092\u6301\u3064\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3068\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3059\u308b\u8377\u96fb\u7c92\u5b50\u304b\u3099\u5fc5\u8981\u3066\u3099\u3059\u306e\u3066\u3099\u3001\u4e0a\u8a18\u3066\u3099\u8ff0\u3078\u3099\u305f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u304b\u3099\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u81ea\u7136\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3066\u3099\u306f2\u3064\u306e\u6a5f\u69cb\u3001\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306f\u8377\u96fb\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3001\u3082\u3046\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3066\u3099\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308bFlux Rule\u304b\u3099\u3064\u306a\u304b\u3099\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6766\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-1024x691.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-1024x691.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure-768x518.jpg 768w, https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/AcademistFigure.jpg 1044w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u3073\u4e0a\u56f3\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<em>x<\/em>\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u4f38\u3072\u3099\u305f\u5c0e\u4f53\u68d2\u304b\u3099<em>y<\/em>\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u901f\u5ea6<em>v<\/em>\u3066\u3099\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001<em>z<\/em>\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u78c1\u5834\u304c\u5370\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u3059\u3099\u3001\u78c1\u5834\u304b\u3099\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306e\u5c0e\u4f53\u4e2d\u306e\u96fb\u5b50\u306e\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6775\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/001-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"179\" height=\"40\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3057\u3066\u78c1\u5834\u304b\u3099\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u3092<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6776\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/002-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"235\" height=\"40\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3057\u3066g\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<em>e<sup>ig<\/sup><\/em>\u306fU(1)\u4f4d\u76f8\u56e0\u5b50\u3068\u547c\u306f\u3099\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002z \u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u78c1\u5834\u306f\u3001\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb? = (0, Bx, 0), \u03c6 = 0 \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u529b\u306f\u3001\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u4f4d\u76f8\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6777\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.academist-cf.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/003-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"75\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u3066\u3099\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30f3\u30de\u30f3\u306e\u7d4c\u8def\u7a4d\u5206\u3066\u3099\u78c1\u5834\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u529b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4f4d\u76f8\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3088\u304f\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<em>q<\/em> = \u2212<em>e<\/em>\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0e\u4f53\u68d2\u304b\u3099y\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u5341\u5206\u7d30\u304f<em>y \u2212 vt<\/em> \u2248 0\u304b\u3099\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068g\u306f<em>\u2212eBvt<\/em>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u3092\u6301\u3063\u305f\u4e26\u9032\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u8868\u3059\u4f4d\u76f8\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6642\u9593\u3066\u3099\u5fae\u5206\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3099\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u30f3\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u529b\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3053\u306e\u529b\u306f\u3001<em>\u2212eBv<\/em>\u3068\u6c42\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u96fb\u8377\u2212<em>e<\/em>\u3066\u3099\u5272\u3063\u3066\u3001\u68d2\u306e\u9577\u3055<em>l<\/em>\u3092\u304b\u3051\u308c\u306f\u3099\u8d77\u96fb\u529b<em>Bvl<\/em>\u304b\u3099\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001U(1)\u4f4d\u76f8\u56e0\u5b50<em>e<sup>ig<\/sup><\/em>\u3092\u5168\u4f53\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u898b\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u529b\u3066\u3099\u52a0\u901f\u3059\u308b\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8a98\u5c0e\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u304b\u3099\u73fe\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u3001U(1)\u4f4d\u76f8\u56e0\u5b50?<sup>??<\/sup>\u3092\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u3068\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002g \u2248 \u2212 <em>eBxv\/\u0127t<\/em> \u304b\u3089\u3001\u0127\u30d8\u3099\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u306e<em>x<\/em>\u6210\u5206\u3001\u2212???\u304b\u3099\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u96fb\u5834\u306e<em>x<\/em>\u6210\u5206\u304b\u3099<em>Bv<\/em>\u3068\u6c42\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3099\u3063\u3066\u3001\u68d2\u306e\u9577\u3055<em>l<\/em>\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3066\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u306f<em>Bvl<\/em>\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b U(1)\u4f4d\u76f8\u56e0\u5b50<em>e<sup>ig<\/sup><\/em>\u304b\u3099\u5168\u4f53\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u30b1\u3099\u30fc\u30b7\u3099\u30db\u309a\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u306e2\u3068\u304a\u308a\u306e\u898b\u65b9\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u308bduality\u304b\u3099\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u308c\u304b\u3099\u3001Flux Rule\u3066\u3099\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b2\u3064\u306e\u53e4\u5178\u96fb\u78c1\u6c17\u5b66\u7684\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u751f\u6210\u6a5f\u69cb\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3051\u3099\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u306b\u306f\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u304b\u3099\u6301\u3064\u96fb\u5834\u3001\u78c1\u5834\u3068\u8377\u96fb\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u6027\u304b\u3099\u57a3\u9593\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u6027\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u6700\u5148\u7aef\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3066\u3099\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u300c\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u3099\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u306b\u901a\u3057\u3099\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3099\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b66\u6821\u3066\u3099\u7fd2\u3046\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u5947\u5999\u306a\u70b9\u304b\u3099\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3084\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u3099\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304b\u3099\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5927\u5909\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><br \/>\nH. Koizumi, J. Supercond. Nov. Magn. 30, 3345 (2017).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u78c1\u5834\u3092\u6642\u9593\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8d77\u96fb\u529b\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u308b\u300c\u30d5\u30a1\u30e9\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u306e\u96fb\u78c1\u8a98\u5c0e\u306e\u6cd5\u5247 \uff08Flux Rule\uff09\u300d\u3092\u899a\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6697\u8a18\u3057\u305f\u8a18\u61b6\u306e\u3042\u308b\u304b\u305f\u3082\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u308b\u3068\u306f\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u306f\u3053\u306eFlu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":258,"featured_media":6766,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[14],"class_list":["post-6758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-outcome","tag-physics","has_thumb"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/258"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6758"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10119,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6758\/revisions\/10119"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academist-cf.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}